Different colligative properties of electrolyte solutions with a solution of nonelectrolyte. This is due to the electrolyte solution, certain substances so that the number of ionized particles is greater than the dissolved nonelectrolyte solution at the same concentration.
1. Saturated vapor pressure drop
On the surface there is a solution of solute and solvent particles. Because the solute is nonvolatif, solute particles can not evaporate to leave the solution, but still stay on the surface thus blocking evaporation of solvents. As a result of solvent vapor pressure is reduced. According to Rault, the solution vapor pressure equal to the saturated vapor pressure of pure solvent times the mole fraction of solvent.
2. The increase in boiling point
Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of liquid equal to the outside air vapor pressure (usually 1 atm). According to Rault, increase the boiling point of the solution is proportional to the number of moles of solute.
3. Freezing point depression
According to Rault, the solution freezing point depression is proportional to the number of moles of solute.
4. Osmotic pressure
Osmosis is the process flow through the membrane semipermiabel solvent molecules from the solution that has a lower concentration to a solution with higher concentration. Two solutions that have the same osmotic pressure are called isotonic. If the first solution having greater osmotic pressure than the second solution is called hypertonic. If the solution has a smaller osmotic pressure than the second solution is called hypotonic.
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