Light propagates in a straight line. This means that light propagates with a constant velocity through a medium. But the light propagates with different speeds in different mediums. Therefore, when light with a certain incident angle (not perpendicular) travels from one medium into another medium, the light is deflected. Deflection of light due to the change of propagation velocity of a medium to another medium is called refraction.
There are two types of lenses, the lens is convex and concave lenses. Convex lens having the central part is thicker than the edges. Has a concave lens is thinner than the middle of its edges.
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